Offprint from strategic outlook 8 . . Many of today’s vital societal functions rely on electronic control systems and wireless communication systems, such as GPS, mobile phones, and Wi-Fi. Cyberattacks with malicious code have become frequent, but since wireless communication systems and unprotected electronics can also be sensitive to electromagnetic (EM) threats, such as jammers and microwave weapons, intentional EM interference constitutes a tangible threat to civil defence capabilities and their potential to support military defence. It is therefore important that EM threats are considered in the risk and vulnerability analyses that authorities, municipalities, county councils, regions, and private enterprises with operations within civil defence are obliged to perform on their undertakings, especially concerning operative capability during a heightened state of alert.