In production . of printed circuit boards (PCB) signal skew will be introduced in differential traces due to the weave effect. A skew that will vary from PCB to PCB. This signal skew generates mode conversion that together with poor common mode properties, along the high-speed channel, will degrade the system performance. For example, might the skew effect give a crosstalk much higher than the pure differential crosstalk. If the poor common mode properties in the channel are high and the skew can be expected to be high enough, the channel performance will be affected. Some PCB’s, with right combination of skew, might fail with too high bit error rate (BER) and other PCB’s will work.

EMC testing . of autonomous vehicles is challenging because the involved systems are designed to identify unrealistic driving conditions, which is exactly what we have in a typical anechoic EMC chamber. When the system detects unrealistic conditions, autonomous driving functions are disabled or set to predefined states, which means that EMC testing of autonomous functions is not possible. To fully test autonomous driving systems, we therefore need to emulate a realistic environment in many aspects, i.e., we need to stimulate involved sensors in a realistic way.

The technical development . towards the full vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) will affect the area of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) in a number of ways. IoT may even be the most challenging issue for the EMC area since it was born about 100 years ago.

The Channel Operating Margin . (COM) is a figure of merit for a channel derived from a measurement or simulations of its scattering parameters. COM is a method to compliance check if a channel will work with a variety of different transmitters and receivers. The COM method reduces the overdesign that many other compliance check methods suffer from. The risk of overdesign increases with the speed of the link. The higher the speed is the higher is the risk of overdesign with added extra cost as result.